History Section 02 Class Notes August 24 2016

• Today's Objectives
• Discuss Video Assignment
• Establish Groups For Video Assignment
• Do Something Involving Notes
• Finish Lecture Notes Involving Mesopotamia and Egypt
• Video Assignment Group
• Jet
• Lydia
• Issac
• Derek
• Henry

• What Did We Learn About Mesopotamia?
• It Sucked...Why?
• They had unpredictable, very damaging floods
• Dust storms
• Locust
• What Did They Have To Do To Sustain Agriculture?
• Dig canals for irrigation of crops
• What were the benefits of locusts?
• They were a great source of protein
• What Is Widely Open In Mesopotamia?
• Drinking Beer
• Where did 80% of people live?
• Within the city, preferably for protection
• Between 4000 and 1900 BCE what four river civilizations were established and ended?
• Indus
• Mesopotamia
• Egypt
• China
• What Made Mesopotamia Special?
• Cuneiform
• Laws
• Cities
• What Do We Know About Gilgamesh?
• Lived in Uruk
• He was a King
• He in the tale of Gilgamesh was considered a bad king
• Gilgamesh chased after immortality
• Gilgamesh and Shamat civilized Enkidu how....
• In some stories, that is done through Enkidu having sex
• In the notes it is cited that he is taught to drink beer, how to bathe, oil your body, and comb your hair
• Who was Shamat?
• A prostitute 
• What is a Mesopotamian Proverb Based on Beer?
• He who drinks too much beer, must drink water
• What is the shelf life of Mesopotamian Beer?
• About a week
• Why did Mesopotamians Drink Beer With A Straw?
• There are lots of particles in the Beer, that you want to avoid drinking, which can be done by drinking it through a straw
• How do Kings in the Ancient World Pitch Themselves?
• That the King is needed to exist for the people, as a sacred gift from the gods
• What Are The Jobs That All Ancient Kings Must Do?
• Religious Work
• To keep things right between the Gods and their people
• conducting festivals
• completing rituals
• Civic Duties
• Administration of Justice
• Setting up a court
• Generating Public Works
• Ziggurats
• Military
• Protecting the people
• Securing the water
• What is an Enduring Solution That Starts In Mesopotamia and Continues Throughout The Ancient World?
• Anyone can appeal to the king
• How Did Trade Work in Mesopotamia?
• People traded resources in a relay style between two points, with each trader moving back and forth between two trading locations.
• Goods spread from trader to trader.
• What Was The Purpose of Religious Practices in Mesopotamia?
• Ziggurats
• To distract the Gods
• Divination
• To learn what the Gods desire in order to placate them
• What Were Gods Like In Mesopotamia?
• They changed on the flip of the hat
• What Is Morality Like In Mesopotamia?
• What is right and wrong is determined by the Gods Will
• What is the God's Will?
• No one Knows
• What is the Mesopotamian Afterlife?
• A dark realm where you slide on your belly, it is dark, and the food is bad.
• How Does One Take Over The World?
• Collect, Maintain, And Secure As Many Resources As Possible
• Water
• Agricultural Resources
• Wood
• Metal
• People
• Textiles
• What is the Hammurabi Code?
• Was it the first law code?
• Not the first law code, not even in Mesopotamia
• What Was A Lot Of It About In Concern of Family Relationships?
• Marital Relationships
• What Did Hammurabi's Laws on Family Relationships Accomplish?
• It protected women against unreasonable treatment by their husbands or other men.
• Ensures the legitimacy of children to protect the economy of families
• Was Hammurabi's Law Based on Eye for an Eye?
• No, it was based on class. Your place in the social system is what determines what kind of, and what reparations are given/received.
• Who is Hammurabi?
• Used legal precedence that already existed, and then proclaimed that Marduk chose him to be king, and that the legal precedence that already existed was proclaimed by the Gods.
• Why Doesn't Egypt Suck?
• Natural Barriers
• Red Sea
• Nile
• Open Social Structure
• There are noble families
• There are bureaucrats, who can move up in society
• Religion
• The Gods aren't petty
• Pharaoah is God on Earth, meaning that you don't have a priest hood that can fight for power.
• Climate
• The Nile is better than the Tigris and Euphrates
• The Nile floods around the same time, every year, and floods very gently
• Agriculture
• Has very fertile soil, known as Kemet
• Societal Housing
• People lived in Villages
• Why
• They had more widespread resources
• They required less security
• Why
• No in-fighting city-states
• An united Egypt  
• What is the Word For No Government in Egypt?
• Izfet
• Definition
• No Pharoah