History Section 01 Class Notes August 24 2016

• Primary Sources
• Definition
• First Hand Accounts
• Examples
• Diary
• Autobiography
• Document
• Interview
• Eye Witness Account
• Oral Tradition
• Art/Artifacts/Textiles
• Letters
• News Paper Reports
• Secondary Sources
• Definition
• Interpretation or Account of a Primary Source By a Different Source
• Examples
• Book
• University Press
• Scholarly Article (Peer-Reviewed)
• Websites
• .edu
• .gov
• Herodotus
• Importance
• Known as the Father of History
• Greek Historian
• Type of Source
• Primary
• Bias
• Doesn't Like Kids
• Cultural
• Ancient Homosexuality/Pedophiles
• It was a status symbol for a man to have sex with a child, which is heavily frowned upon in modern society.
• Women were forbidden from practicing homosexuality.
• How Did Ancient Persian People Greet One Another
• Equals
• Kiss on the lips
• Bow
• Unequal 
• Kiss on the Cheek
• How Is the Word Barbarian Used By The Ancient Persians
• To refer to Non-Persian people 
• How Did The Persians Treat Gods
• They believed them to be non-human
• How Did Persians Worship Gods
• By performing sacrifices
• Why Did Persian Men Not Want to See Their Children Until They Were Five?
• Men won't have to deal with the child for the most part, and can begin to interact with their child at an age in which they truly can.
• Agriculture In Nile River Valley
• Civilization moved up from the Sudan and into where?
• The Fertile Nile Valley
• Where is Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt?
• Lower Egypt
• To the North
• Upper Egypt
• To the South
• What Did Herodotus Refer to Egypt As?
• The Gift of the Nile
• When Did Egyptians Harvest Crops?
• There were annual floods during the summer
• Crops are harvested in Winter and Early Spring
• First Egyptian Kingdoms
• Small kingdoms appeared in Egypt and Nubia by 3300 B.C.
• Agriculture societies built organizations which controlled or regulated public and private life.
• Menes
• The first pharaoh of Egypt, the first ruler, of the first dynasty
• Known as Narmer 
• Established his rule in Memphis
• Established a Centralized Government
• Pharaohs
• Claimed to be Gods manifest among men
• Claimed to be Offspring of the Sun God
• Kingdoms of Egypt
• Archaic Period
• Old Kingdom
• When pyramids were built
• Middle Kingdom
• New Kingdom
• Pyramids
• Were constructed during the Old Kingdom.
• Made from 2.3 million limestone blocks with an average weight of 5000 pounds.
• Nubia
• Had periodic battles with who?
• Egypt
• Developed a southern kingdom called what?
• Kush
• Middle Kingdom of Egypt
• Central state under the pharaoh re-emerged after a short decline
• Pharaohs lost power that they once held
• Egypt was invaded by the Hyskos
• The Hyskos has an advantage thanks to being able to combat using chariots.
• Egypt unified to fight against the Hyskos, and won, which allowed them to establish the New Kingdom
• New Kingdom of Egypt
• Population
• Four Million
• Expanded territory in response to what?
• The Hyskos Invasion
• Controlled Nubian Territory to A Certain Point
• Nubian leaders revived Kush
• Social hierarchies of Egypt
• Pharaoh
• Supreme Ruler
• Professional Military Forces
• Bureaucrats and Administrators
• Tax Collectors
• Peasants and Slaves
• Provided Labor